超声波对沥青质分散作用的研究进展

Progress in using ultrasound in asphaltene dispersing

本文论述了超声作用原理，并分析了超声波对液体中的化学反应的物理效应和化学效应，指出了超声波对沥青质的作用也可以分为物理效应和化学效应。指出超声作用的一个突出优势是超声的复合作用，即空穴塌陷产生的局部高温、高压对反应的引发作用，冲击波及微相射流对颗粒的分散作用和对传质的改善作用，以及超声对片层的破坏作用等。

This paper presents the principle of ultrasonic chemistry, the physical effects and chemical effects of ultrasonic cavitation. The main purpose is to describe the action of ultrasound on asphaitene dispersing. It is pointed out that the best advantage of using ultrasound in treating asphaltene is its multi-functions, which includes cavities, shock waves and micro-jets. The former can produce local high-temperature and high-pressure during collapsing, which promote the solicitation of chemical reactions, the latter can destroy the layer-structure of asphaltene.