北京市部分地区城镇居民狂犬病认知情况初步调查

Preliminary Investigation on Cognition Status of Town Residents to Rabies in Part of Beijing City

为了解北京市部分地区城镇居民对狂犬病的认知情况及其影响因素,随机选取海淀区、怀柔区、延庆区9个居民区的160名当地居民开展问卷调查,得到有效问卷112份;采用单因素分析方法对调查数据进行统计分析。结果显示,83.92%(94/112)的居民对狂犬病知识认知程度一般,15.18%(17/112)的居民部分了解,而仅0.89%(1/112)的居民非常了解。其中,居民对狂犬病易感动物、传播途径和被犬咬伤后正确处理方法等问题回答正确率低于40%。单因素分析发现,文化程度对北京地区城镇居民狂犬病认知水平有较大影响(P<0.05),随着文化程度的提高,回答正确率不断提高。另外,当地居民希望通过微信、微博等新媒体(80.36%)、电视(78.57%)、社区宣传(72.32%)等方式获取狂犬病知识。以上结果表明,北京市城镇居民对狂犬病认知程度一般,对狂犬病易感动物、传播途径和被犬咬伤后正确处理等方面认知水平较低。因此,应选择微信、微博等新媒体,结合电视、社区宣传等方式,开展狂犬病流行病学等方面的宣传,以此提升北京市城镇居民的狂犬病认知水平。

In order to recognize the cognition status of town residents to rabies in part of Beijing City and to analyze the related influence factors, 160 local residents were randomly selected from 9 residential areas located in Haidian, Huairou and Yanqing districts, then a questionnaire survey was carried out, and the single factor analysis method was used to analyze the survey data. Results showed that, 83.92% of residents (94/112) had a general knowledge about rabies, 15.18% of them (17/112) knew parts of the rabies knowledge, and only 0.89% (1/112) of people knew the knowledge well. Less than 40% residents could give right answers to the questions about susceptible animals, transmission routes and correct treatment methods after being bitten by dogs. The single factor analysis suggested that education level had a great impact on cognition level (P<0.05) . Along with the enhancement of education level, the correct answer rate continued to increase. In addition, local residents expected to study prevention knowledge of rabies through the new media (80.36%, Wechat, Micro-blog)., television (78.57%) and community publication (72.32%) . In conclusion, the town residents in Beijing City had a general grasp on the rabies knowledge, and the recognitionlevel about susceptible animals, transmission routes and correct treatment methods after exposure to rabies was lower. Thus, for the purpose of enhancing the recognition of residents about rabies in Beijing City, Wechat, Micro-blog and other new media should be selected to popularize the knowledge of rabies, as well as the television and community publication.level about susceptible animals, transmission routes and correct treatment methods after exposure to rabies was lower. Thus, for the purpose of enhancing the recognition of residents about rabies in Beijing City, Wechat, Micro-blog and other new media should be selected to popularize the knowledge of rabies, as well as the television and community publication.