玻利维亚口蹄疫区域化管理研究

Research on Regionalization Management for Foot-and-mouth Disease in Bolivia

玻利维亚通过对口蹄疫实施区域化管理,有效控制了口蹄疫。截至目前,玻利维亚少部分区域是非免疫无口蹄疫区,其他区域全部为免疫无口蹄疫区,并全部得到了OIE认可。本文概述了玻利维亚畜牧业和兽医体系的基本状况,并通过以往疫情处置情况,总结了该国口蹄疫区域化管理采取的主要措施:强制免疫(牛)、严格养殖场和屠宰厂管理、及时出具疫病报告、设置应急处置程序、主动/被动监测等。该国的口蹄疫区域化管理做法对我国的无疫区建设提供了借鉴。

By implementing the regionalization management policy, Bolivia has effectively controlled the foot-and- mouth disease (FMD) . Until now, a small number of areas in Bolivia are FMD free zones without vaccination, all other areas are free from FMD because of vaccination, which all have been recognized by OIE. In this article, the basic situation of animal husbandry and veterinary system in Bolivia was reviewed, the adopted main measures during regionalization management were summarized according to the handling information of previous epidemics, including conducting compulsory vaccination, strictly managing the livestock farms and slaughterhouses, timely issuing the disease reports, setting emergency response procedures, as well as carrying out active or passive surveillance. The regionalization management practices have offered some references for the construction of FMD free zones in China.