纳米纤维/氧化淀粉/PVA复合膜制备及特性

Preparation and Performance of Nano-fiber/Oxidized Starch/PVA Composite Membrane

以甘蔗渣为原料,采用硫酸水解法制备甘蔗渣纳米纤维素。以氧化淀粉(OS)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基材,添加甘蔗渣纳米纤维素、增塑剂甘油、交联剂乙二醛制备复合膜。以拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过率和水溶率为测量指标,研究了甘油、乙二醛、纳米纤维添加量对膜特性的影响。结果表明,随着甘油含量增大,复合膜的水溶率和水蒸气透过率逐渐增大,拉伸强度逐渐降低;添加乙二醛能够提高复合膜的耐水性能,添加量为0. 15 m L/g时,拉伸强度达到最大值(6. 25±0. 16) MPa;适当添加甘蔗渣纳米纤维素增强复合膜的机械性能和耐水性能,当纳米纤维含量为20%时,复合膜的水蒸气透过率达到最小值,为(5. 349±0. 056)×10^(-7)g/(m·h·Pa)。

The bagasse was used as raw material to obtain bagasse nanocellulose by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The composite membrane was prepared by using oxidized starch( OS) and polyvinyl alcohol( PVA) as the main ingredients,with nanocellulose,glycerol as plasticizer and glyoxal as cross linking agent. Taking tensile strength,elongation at break,water vapor transmission rate and water solubility as the measurement index to study the effects of glycerol,glyoxal and nano-fiber content,which could affect the properties of the membrane. The results show that as the increase of glycerol content,the water solubility and water vapor transmission of the membrane could improve,however the tensile strength will decrease. The addition of glyoxal could improve the water resistance of the membrane. When the glyoxal addition is 0. 15 m L/g,the tensile strength of the composites could achieve the maximum value,which is( 6. 25 ± 0. 16)MPa. The addition of bagasse nanocellulose could enhance the mechanical properties and water resistance of the composite membrane. When the content of nano-fibers is 20%, the water vapor transmission of the membrane could achieve the minimum value( 5. 349±0. 056) ×10^-7g/( m·h·Pa).