自噬对成骨细胞调控作用的研究进展

Research progress of autophagy in regulating osteoblasts

自噬是一种溶酶体降解途径,负责不必要细胞器和蛋白质等的降解和再循环,同时也能破坏细胞内的病原体。自噬对于维持机体新陈代谢的平衡具有重要作用,并且可调控细胞的生长、分化。成骨细胞是骨形成的主要功能细胞,主要负责骨基质的合成、分泌和矿化。成骨细胞活性或功能异常会导致骨质疏松、股骨头坏死、骨折愈合延缓等疾病。最新研究表明自噬在维持骨骼的动态平衡中具有关键性的调控作用。在间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的过程中以及在地塞米松、双膦酸盐等药物干预下,自噬呈现不同水平,成骨细胞的活性、增殖、分化和功能也因此产生相应的变化,进而影响骨形成和骨重塑。此外在骨质疏松和骨折愈合迟缓等骨疾病中,自噬也可通过调控成骨细胞的功能活性对疾病的进程产生影响。因此本文综述国内外有关自噬和成骨细胞的相关文献报道,旨在阐明自噬对成骨细胞调控作用。

Autophagy isa lysosomal degradation pathway responsible for the degradation and recycling of cellular components such as unnecessary organelles and proteins,also for destroying intracellular pathogens.A-utophagy plays an important role in maintaining the metabolic balance of the body,and it can regulate cell growth and differentiation.Osteoblasts are the main functional cells of bone formation and are mainly responsible for the synthesis,secretion,and mineralization of bone matrix.Osteogenic activity or abnormal function can lead to osteoporosis,femoral head necrosis,delayed fracture healing,and other diseases.Recent studies have shown that autophagy plays a key role in maintaining the dynamic balance of the bone.During the process of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and the intervention of drugs such as dexamethasone and bisphosphonates,autophagy shows different levels and leads to the change of the activity,proliferation,differentiation and function of osteoblasts which impact the bone formation and bone remodeling.In addition,in bone diseases such as osteoporosis and delayed fracture healing,autophagy can also influence the progression of disease by regulating the functional activity of osteoblasts.Therefore,this paper summarizes the related domestic and foreign literature reports about autophagy and osteoblasts,aiming to elucidate the regulation of autophagy on osteoblasts.