泸州城区大气苯并(a)芘污染特征及健康风险评价

Pollution characterization and health risk assessment of ambient BaP in Luzhou

目的分析泸州市城区不同大气监测点的PM_(10)中苯并(a)芘(BaP)污染特征及健康风险。方法于2015年6月和12月分别监测A、B、C和D 4个监测点的BaP浓度,并评价大气BaP的人群健康风险。结果56个检测样品中,BaP浓度范围为0.96~8.4 ng/m^3,96%的样品超过WHO规定的大气BaP标准(1 ng/m^3),75%的样品超过GB/T 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》中规定的日均浓度限值(2.5 ng/m^3),最高日均浓度超标2.36倍。泸州市城区BaP浓度除监测点C外,其他监测点的12月BaP日均浓度均高于6月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。泸州城区大气BaP污染致成人、儿童的终身致癌超额危险度和成人预期寿命损失均值分别为38.0×10^(-6)、24.1×10^(-6)和235.8 min。结论泸州城区BaP人群终身致癌超额危险度处于可接受范围内,BaP污染具有季节性和地区差异性,应根据不同地区采取不同控制措施。

Objective To assess the pollution characterization and health risk of atmospheric BaP in PM10 collected in Luzhou.Methods BaP in PM10was collected in Jun.and Dec.of 2015 at the mornitoring sites（A,B,C and D）,and the BaP-induced health risks to local residents were assessed.Results The concentrations of BaP in 56 samples were 0.96-8.4 ng/m3,96%of which higher than the limit issued by WHO（1 ng/m3）,75%higher than the standard limit in GB 3095-2012（2.5 ng/m3）with a maximum 3.36 times of it.The daily average concentrations of BaP in Dec.was higher than that in Jun.at mornitoring sites except site C（P<0.05）.The average lifetime cancer risks of BaP for adults and children and the losses of life expectancy for adults were 38.0×10-6,24.1×10-6and 235.8 min respectively.Conclusion The life-long cancer risks of atmospheric Bap pollution,which presents the obvious regional and seasonal characteristics,are below the acceptable risk level in Luzhou urban area.