什么是文化菱形?——格里斯沃尔德艺术社会学思想研究

What is Cultural Diamond?——A Study of Wendy Griswold's Sociology of Art

温迪·格里斯沃尔德是美国著名艺术社会学家,她意识到探究"艺术与社会"关系的反映论的局限,提出了关注世界、文化客体、艺术家和观众的"文化菱形"理论,认为文化分析应将四者都予以考虑,这在她对伦敦剧院中城市喜剧和复仇悲剧的研究中得到了充分体现。在"文化菱形"框架的基础上,她发展了"意图、接受、理解、解释"的文化社会学方法论,有效弥合了人文学科和社会科学之间的鸿沟。文化菱形观在艺术社会学领域影响很大,但也存在一定的不足。

A famous American sociologist of art, Wendy Griswold recognizes the limitations of the reflection theory that focuses on the relationship between art and society and develops the cultural diamond frame which focuses on the world, the cultural object, the artist and the audience, suggesting that the cultural analysis should consider all of them. Her study of city comedy and revenge tragedy in the London theatre fully shows us how to use this frame. Based on this frame, she develops the methodological framework for the sociology of culture, which includes intention, reception, comprehension and explanation, which bridges over the gap between the humanities and social sciences. The cultural diamond has been very influential in the field of sociology of arts, though not without its own limitations.