制度、机会结构与性别观念:城镇已婚女性的劳动参与何以可能

Institution,Opportunity Structure and Gender Attitude:How Labor Participation of Urban Married Women Being Possible?

中国女性的劳动参与自20世纪90年代末开始呈现大幅下降趋势。文章试图探讨劳动参与性别不平等的群体差异模式,检验性别因素与其他影响劳动参与因素之间的交互作用,以此理解已婚女性劳动参与扩大化的趋势。文章基于情境理性行动者分析框架,将城镇已婚女性的劳动参与看作一种社会经济行动,其选择是制度与物质环境及由制度环境与物质环境交互作用型塑之资源和偏好影响/型塑的结果,是一种情境理性下的选择。以北京大学社会科学调查中心2014年全国抽样调查数据(CFPS)为依托,对城镇已婚女性的劳动参与状况及其影响因素分析后发现:劳动力市场中的正式组织结构和制度、来自家庭及亲友的社会支持、劳动力市场机会结构以及个体在结构和制度约束下的选择偏好(性别角色观念)共同型构了女性的劳动参与。

Labor participation of urban married women declined rapidly since 1990.Focus on gender inequality in group difference of labour participation,and interaction of gender factors and other factor's influencing labor participation,the research try to understand the trends of enlarger gender gap of participation.Using CFPS2014data and guided with context bounded raitonality actor framework,this research find that married women's labour participation is construct by the results of interaction of formal organizational structure and institution in labour market,social support from family and kinships,opportunity structure of labor market,preference(gender attitude) constrains by structure and institution.