遮阴处理对茶树叶色表型及生化成分的影响

Effects of Shading Treatments on Leaf Color Phenotype and Biochemical Composition of Tea Leaves

以"武夷奇种C18"叶片为原料,分别用75%和60%的黑色遮阳网遮光,以全光照处理为对照。研究不同遮阴处理对茶树紫色芽叶颜色表型及生化成分的影响。经过15 d的遮阴处理,取经遮阴处理和全光照处理(CK)的"武夷奇种C18"第一叶,测定叶绿素相对含量、花青素苷总量、茶多酚总量、儿茶素组分、黄酮总量及黄酮苷元等含量。结果表明:遮阴程度越弱,叶片呈色越紫,花青素含量越高;正常光照下,叶绿素相对含量较低,花青素含量最高; 75%遮荫,叶绿素相对含量较高,花青素含量较低;随着遮阴程度的增加,花青素苷、茶多酚、儿茶素组分、黄酮及黄酮苷元等含量呈现不同程度的降低趋势。说明紫芽茶树芽叶色泽和花青素等含量受到环境光因子影响,该研究为进一步开发利用紫芽地方特异茶树资源和紫芽茶产品奠定了研究基础。

The"Wuyi special species C18"leaf was used as the raw material,and shading was carried out with 75% and 60%of black sun-shading net respectively,and the treatment with full light was used as a control. The effects of different shading treatments on the color phenotype and biochemical composition of purple shoots of tea plant were studied. After 15 days of shading treatment,the first leaves of Wuyi special species C18,which was treated with shading and full light treatment( CK),were used to determine the relative amount of chlorophyll,the total amount of anthocyanins,the total amount of tea polyphenols,and the catechin group fractions,total flavonoids and flavonoid aglycone content. The results showed that the weaker the shadeing degree was,the purpler the leaves were,the higher the anthocyanin content was; the relative content of chlorophyll was relatively low while the anthocyanin content was the highest under normal illumination; the relative content of chlorophyll was high while the anthocyacin content was low at 75% shading. The contents of anthocyanin and tea polyphenols,catechins,flavonoids and flavonoid aglycones decreased in different degrees with the increase of shading degree.The results indicated that the contents of tea buds,such as leaf color and anthocyanin,were affected by environmental light factors. This research laid a foundation for the further development and utilization of local bud specific tea tree resources and purple bud tea products.