慈宁宫花园临溪亭天花彩画材料工艺的科学研究

A Study of The Materials and Techniques Used in The Polychrome Ceiling Decoration of The Linxi Pavilion in The Garden of The Cining Palace

临溪亭是慈宁宫花园南部的中心景观建筑,始建于明代万历年间,后代屡有重修。亭内保存了相对完整的软天花及彩画,历经明清两代多次修缮,保留了多个历史时期的彩绘层与重修痕迹。在近年的修缮揭裱过程中,作者对临溪亭软天花进行了样品采集和实验室分析,通过光学显微分析、XRD、SEM等多种分析手段,初步厘清了现存各彩绘层的历史分期,揭示了不同历史时期所使用的颜料种类及工艺做法特征,并首次在古代建筑彩画中发现了作为蓝色颜料的青金石。

Linxi Pavilion, the central viewing building standing by the water in the southern garden of the Cining Palace of the Forbidden City, was constructed in Emperor Wanli’s( 万历) period of the Ming Dynasty(1500 s) and renovated several times throughout the Ming and Qing dynasties, as a result of which layers of polychrome decorative patterns and restoration traces are left over the ceiling. The test of the samples removed from the soft ceiling decoration with cross-section microscopy, XRD, SEM has determined the layers of pigments and the techniques of periods in history, and identified Lazurite as a blue pigment in Chinese historical architecture paintings for the first time.