虫草类产品中5种核苷类成分的测定及蛹虫草质量分析

Quantitative analysis of five nucleosides in Cordyceps by HPLC and quality control of Cordyceps militaris

目的建立HPLC法对4种常见虫草类样本[蛹虫草、发酵虫草菌粉(Cs-4)、中华被毛孢和冬虫夏草]中尿苷、鸟苷、腺苷、虫草素和N6-(2-羟乙基)-腺苷5种核苷类成分进行含量测定,比较成分差异,确定蛹虫草的特征成分,为控制蛹虫草及其提取物的质量提供科学依据。方法采用岛津ODS-3 C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水进行梯度洗脱,体积流量为0.8 mL/min,检测波长为260 nm,柱温为30℃。结果蛹虫草样品均含有尿苷、鸟苷、腺苷、虫草素和N6-(2-羟乙基)-腺苷,而CS-4、中华被毛孢和冬虫夏草中未检测到虫草素和N6-(2-羟乙基)-腺苷。供试品制备方法对核苷类成分的影响较大,蛹虫草粉采用6种方法制备供试品溶液,发现用水超声提取180 min获得的尿苷、鸟苷和腺苷的含量最高,且在24 h内稳定。虫草素性质稳定,而N6-(2-羟乙基)-腺苷对热和酸都不太稳定;其中4种制备方法测得的虫草素和N6-(2-羟乙基)-腺苷含量一致。结论为蛹虫草及其提取物的质量分析提供了依据,以特征成分虫草素和N6-(2-羟乙基)-腺苷为指标可更好地对蛹虫草及其提取物的质量进行控制。

Objective To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of uridine, vernine, adenosine, cordycepin, and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine in Cordyceps(Cordyceps militaris, Cordyceps Fungus Powder CS-4, Hirsutella sinensis, and C. sinensis), and determine the characteristic components of C. militaris to provide the scientific basis for quality control of C. militaris and its extract. Methods HPLC was performed on Inertsil ODS-3 column(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with mobile phase A(acetonitrile) and B(water) for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 m L/min, detection wavelength was 260 nm, and column temperature was 30 ℃. Results All mentioned five nucleosides can be detected from C. militaris. However, cordycepin and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine were undetected in the other three Cordyceps species. The sample preparation method of C. militaris has a great effect on the content of nucleosides. The content of uridine, vernine and adenosine was the highest in samples prepared by ultrasonic extraction 180 min. Cordycepin was stable form six sample preparation methods, and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine was unbearable to heat and acid. The contents of cordycepin and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine were the same in four preparation methods. Conclusion This experiment provides a basis for the quality analysis of C. militaris and its extracts. Cordycepin and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine can be used as markers for the quality control of C. militaris and its extracts.