2012-2017年河源市麻疹血清学监测结果分析

Analysis of serological monitoring results of measles in Heyuan city,2012-2017

目的对河源市2012-2017年麻疹血清学监测结果进行分析,了解其流行特点,及时发现易感人群和免疫接种薄弱人群,为制定麻疹防控策略提供科学依据。方法采集麻疹监测病例血清标本,用酶联免疫捕获法(ELISA)检测IgM抗体。结果2012—2017年共检测麻疹标本524份,阳性285份,阳性率为54.39%。麻疹发病及检出高峰在2012-2014年,2015-2017年相对偏低;5个年龄组中,0-7月组阳性率最高,为74.36%,8月-6岁组次之,为60.00%,其后依次是>22岁组(54.02%),7-14岁组(39.51%),15-22岁组阳性率最低(16.27%),不同年龄组间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=47.9333,P<0.05);132 例无免疫史的阳性病例中,6岁以下占85.61%(113/132)。结论河源市近三年麻疹活跃度明显降低,但是感染风险仍然存在,应加强重点人群管理。

Objective To analyze the results of serological surveillance of measles in Heyuan from 2012 to 2017,find out the epidemiology characteristics of measles,and provide scientific evidence for measles control and prevention measures.Methods Serum samples of measles surveillance cases were collected and IgM antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results A total of 524 measles specimens were tested from 2012 to 2017;285 was positive,with the positive rate of 54.39%. The detection peak of measles was from 2012 to 2014,but relatively low from2015 to 2017. Among the 5 age groups,the positive rate was the highest in the 0 to 7 month group,which was 74.36%,and the 8 months to 6 years old group was the second,which was 60.00%,followed by the >22 years old group(54.02%)and7 to 14 years old group(39.51%);the positive rate was the lowest in the 15 to 22 years old group(16.27%). There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate between different age groups(χ~2=47.933 3,P<0.05). Of the 132 positive cases with no history of immunization,85.61%(113/132)were under 6 years of age. Conclusion The activity of measles in Heyuan city has been significantly reduced in the past three years,but the risk of infection still exists,and the management of key populations should be strengthened.