趋近—回避框架下的创造性动机分析

Creativity and Motivation under an Approach-avoidance Framework

动机和创造性的关系一直以来都备受研究者关注,但以往研究多基于内部—外部、亲社会—反社会等框架分析动机对创造性的影响。近年来,趋近—回避动机对创造性的影响逐渐成为一个独立的研究主题,得到了大量有价值的结论。一方面,与趋近动机相关联的情绪,能够激活趋近动机的外在线索(动作、颜色等),以及个体长期的趋近动机倾向都被发现对创造性有积极的影响;另一方面,新近研究证实,当个体认知资源充足且认为有必要在创造性任务上投入努力时,回避动机也能促进创造性。深入探讨回避动机对创造性的影响,比较不同文化背景下的差异,考察长期和情境性作用的交互,整合其他动机分析框架是今后推进趋避动机与创造性关系研究的几个可能方向。

The relationship between motivation and creativity has always been at the center of researchers'attention. However,previous research mainly focused on how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influence creativity.Recently,the impact of approach-avoidance motivation on creativity has become a new research topic,which led to fruitful findings.On one hand,affects and cues associated with approach motivation,as well as individuals'chronic approach motivation,are all found to have a positive impact on creativity.On the other hand,the latest research showed that avoidance motivation could also facilitate creativity when individuals have sufficient cognitive resources and believe that is necessary to put efforts into creative tasks.Exploring the relationship between avoidance motivation and creativity,examining the cultural differences of the relationship between approach-avoidance motivation and creativity,investigating the co-influence of chronic and situational approach-avoidance motivation on creativity,and integrating other motivation frameworks are some possible directions in the future.