美国“TFA”影响教师教育改革的路径与挑战——基于政策网络的视角

the Paths and Challenges of “TFA” in Affecting the Reform of Teacher Education——From the Perspective of Policy Network

"为美国而教"(TFA)通过成立机构、建立合作关系和配置人员等策略与各类组织建立紧密联系,形成了以自身为中心的强大的政策网络。"TFA"凭借政策网络中的人力资源和社会资本,通过创新教师培养模式、提供教师资格认证和支持教师教育立法等途径,试图推动美国教师教育的解制和市场化。然而现阶段,"TFA"在教师认证服务和师资培养质量、教师留存、财政资金使用等方面面临着自身的局限与挑战,以致其在推动教师教育改革方面的成效与作用倍受质疑和批评。

"TFA"(Teach for America)has formed a strong policy network centered on itself."TFA"established close ties with various organizations by using the strategies of "founding","partnering" and "staffing",and it plays an important role in the deregulation of teacher education."TFA" relies on human resources and social capitals in its policy network,and tries to advance the process of the deregulation and marketization of teacher education by innovating teacher training mode,providing certification for teachers and supporting the legislation of teacher education.At the present stage,"TFA" is faced with its own limitations and challenges about the quality of teacher certification and teacher training, the retention of teachers,and the use of financial funds,so that its effects and roles in promoting the reform of teacher education are questioned and criticized.