硒的抗氧化和免疫作用及其代谢调控途径

The antioxidant and immune effects of selenium and its metabolic regulation pathway

硒对动物体有重要的作用,主要以硒蛋白的形式表现,其生理作用体现在抗氧化作用与免疫作用中。硒蛋白构成的硒酶是主要的抗氧化酶类,硒蛋白通过其抗氧化性以及对免疫细胞、免疫因子等的调节,对机体的免疫功能发挥重要作用。硒在动物体小肠内以硒酸盐、亚硒酸盐、硒代半胱氨酸等的形式被吸收,经过一系列转化被动物体利用,进而发挥其抗氧化以及免疫作用,剩余硒通过呼吸、尿液排除体外。随着研究的深入,硒添加剂的种类越来越多,吸收效率也越来越高。文章对硒的生理作用、在动物体内的吸收代谢途径及几种主要硒添加剂的应用进行了综述。

Selenium plays an important role in animal body,mainly in the form of selenium protein,its physiological role is reflected in the antioxidant and immune effects.Selenium enzyme composed by selenium protein is the main antioxidant enzyme,selenoprotein through its antioxidant and immune cells, immune factors such as regulation,the immune function of the body play an.important role.Selenium is absorbed in the form of selenate,selenite,selenocysteine and the like in the small intestine of the animal body,and exerts its antioxidant and immune effects.After a series of transformed passive substances,the residual selenium is removed by breathing and the urine is excluded from the body.With the deepening of research,more and more types of selenium additives,absorption efficiency is also increasing.This paper reviews the physiological role of selenium,the absorption of metabolic pathways in animals and the application of several major selenium additives.