不同地区小麦秸秆的营养价值及瘤胃降解规律

Nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of wheat straws from different regions

试验旨在研究安徽亳州、河南民权、山西祁县3个地区小麦秸秆的营养价值及瘤胃降解规律。试验采用单因子试验设计,试验动物为4头体况良好、体重为(415±20) kg、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的利鲁公牛(利木赞牛×鲁西黄牛)。采用尼龙袋法评定3个地区小麦秸秆的干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)和粗蛋白(CP)的瘤胃降解率和降解参数。结果表明,亳州和民权小麦秸秆的OM(P<0.05)和CP含量(P<0.05)显著高于祁县小麦秸秆。民权小麦秸秆的粗脂肪含量最高(P<0.05),NDF含量最低(P<0.05)。对于ADF含量,祁县小麦秸秆的最高(P<0.05),民权小麦秸秆的最低(P<0.05)。民权小麦秸秆72 h的DM、CP瘤胃降解率显著高于祁县小麦秸秆(P<0.05)。民权小麦秸秆DM、CP的快速降解部分比例最高(P<0.05),祁县小麦秸秆的最低(P<0.05)。亳州和民权小麦秸秆的OM快速降解部分比例显著高于祁县小麦秸秆(P<0.05)。民权小麦秸秆的DM、CP瘤胃有效降解率显著高于祁县小麦秸秆(P<0.05)。综上所述,3个地区小麦秸秆的营养价值及瘤胃降解规律有所不同,其中,民权小麦秸秆的营养价值相对较好,肉牛对民权小麦秸秆的利用程度相对较高,这为更好地利用小麦秸秆提供数据支撑。

The study aimed to investigate the nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of 3 wheat straws from Bozhou(Anhui Province),Minquan(Henan Province)and Qixian(Shanxi Province).A single-factor trial was designed and 4 healthy,rumen-cannulated Lilu bulls(Limousin×Luxi Yellow Cattle)with(415±20)kg bodyweight were used.Nylon bag technique was employed to evaluate rumen degradation rate and degradative parameters of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM)and crude protein(CP)of 3 wheat straws from 3 different regions.The results showed that wheat straws from Bozhou and Minquan had greater OM(P<0.05)and CP(P<0.05)content than that of Qixian.The wheat straw from Minquan had the highest EE content(P<0.05)and lowest natural detergent fibre(NDF)content(P<0.05).For acid detergent fibre(ADF),the wheat straw from Qixian was the highest(P<0.05)and from Minquan was the lowest(P<0.05).The wheat straw from Minquan possessed greater DM and CP rumen degradation rate than that of Qixian(P<0.05)through 12 h.Rapid degradation fraction of DM and CP of Minquan wheat straw was the highest(P<0.05)and that of Qixian was the lowest(P<0.05).Bozhou and Minquan wheat straws had greater rapid degradation fraction of OM than that of Qixian(P<0.05).Minquan wheat straw had greater DM and CP rumen efficient degradation rate than that of Qixian(P<0.05).Above all,the nutritive value and rumen degradation rule of wheat straws from 3 different regions varied.The wheat straw from Minquan possessed relatively high nutritive value and had a high degree of utilization by beef cattle.This study will provide data support for better utilization of wheat straw.