木薯叶饲料化利用技术研究进展

Research progresses of cassava leaf forage utilization technology

木薯是中国华南主栽作物之一,其叶片及其嫩茎干物质含有16%～38%的粗蛋白,适合加工成畜禽饲料,每年木薯块根收获后数百万吨木薯茎叶被废弃在田里。为使这些秸秆转化为饲料,国内外从19世纪50年代起,就开始对木薯叶的饲料利用进行系统的研究,涉及木薯茎叶营养成份分析、饲用木薯品种栽培与茎叶收割、动物喂养试验评价、饲料抗营养因子消除等,这些研究证明木薯叶可以作为一种高蛋白的畜禽养殖饲料原料。为促进我国木薯叶饲料的商业化开发,笔者从饲用木薯栽培、机械化技术、饲料技术体系建设等几方面可能性,简要讨论下一步需要开展的技术工作,以期为产业发展提供一定的参考。

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.)is one of the main agricultural crops in south China,which leaves and tender stems are rich in crude protein at a 16%-38%level that suitable for livestock forage making.Millions of tones of the cassava straws are wasted in the field every year after the roots harvested.To make these straws into forages,many developing works are done at home and abroad since 1950s,including of nutrient composition analysis,forage cassava varieties breeding and translation of cultivation technique testing,leaves and tender stems harvesting,livestock feeding,anti-nutrition factors removing,al.All these works show that cassava leaf can be a high quality source for forage material.To promote the commercial development of cassava leaf forage in China,the author discussed the possibilities about forage cassava cultivation,mechanization and construction of forage scientific and technology system.We do hope we can provide some job references for production.