海河平原区不同紫花苜蓿品种生产性能评价

Production Performance Evaluation of Different Alfalfa Varieties in Haihe Plain Area

在海河平原区对国审的14个紫花苜蓿品种分别在雨养和灌溉(春季浇一次返青水)条件下连续4年进行试验,结果表明:(1)中苜1号、保定苜蓿和中苜2号产量最高,标杆较低,雨养和灌溉处理下表现基本一致。(2)雨养处理下不同品种的质量等级间差异较小,灌溉处理下不同品种的质量等级间差异较大。(3)不同品种刈割时株高总体上表现为:雨养处理,赛特、德宝最高,公农3号最低;灌溉处理,德宝、三得利、中苜1号、维多利亚最高,龙牧806、公农3号最低。叶茎比在雨养和灌溉两个处理下均表现为公农3号最高,德宝最低。冬前株高与秋眠级有关,灌溉对其没有显著影响。(4)在海河平原区,除特殊年份外,返青期灌溉均不能显著增加苜蓿产草量,在当地针对适宜的苜蓿品种可以采用纯雨养的栽培管理方式。综合考虑产量、品质等农艺性状,中苜1号和保定苜蓿适合在海河平原区推广,并且可以采用纯雨养的栽培管理方式。

A 4-yr study was conducted in Haihe plain area from 2012 to 2015 to assess the production performance of 14 alfalfa(Medicago sativa)varieties under the rainfed and irrigation(watered once in spring)conditions.The results showed that the hay yields of‘Zhongmu 1’,‘Baoding’and‘Zhongmu 2’were the highest,‘Icon’was the lowest.The performance of alfalfa varieties were consistent under rainfed and irrigated treatment.There was no significant difference in forage quality between different varieties,and irrigation treatment had less influence on the forage quality compared with the rainfed conditions.The cutting heights of‘Sitel’and ‘Derby’under rainfed treatment were the highest,and the‘Gongnong 3’was the lowest;the cutting heights of‘Derby’,‘Sanditi’,‘Zhongmu 1’and‘Victoria’under irrigation treatment were the highest,and the‘Longmu 806’and‘Gongnong 3’were the lowest.The leaf-stem ratio of‘Gongnong 3’was the highest;‘Derby’was the lowest under the two treatments.The height before winter was related to fall-dormancy grade,and was not affected by the irrigation treatment.In this area,except for special years,irrigation during the regreening stage did not significantly increase the yield of alfalfa.For the suitable alfalfa cultivars,pure rain-fed cultivation management method can be adopted in this area.Comprehensively considering the agronomic trait of hay yield and forage quality,‘Zhongmu 1’and‘Baoding’were suitable for promotion in this area under rainfed cultivation management method.