习近平新时代农地“三权”分置的实践探索

Practical Exploration of “Separation of Three Rights” in the Agricultural Land of Xi Jinping in the New Era

农地"三权"分置是以马克思辩证唯物主义认识论为指导,结合实践探索,产生的指导中国农村土地产权制度改革实践的重大理论创新。农地"三权"分置理论产生于新时代和社会主要矛盾发生历史性转变的时代背景下,体现了"坚持和发展中国特色社会主义""坚持以人民为中心"的发展思想和"新发展理念"等习近平治国理政的核心思想。农地"三权"分置具有丰富的理论内涵,它是中国农村土地产权变迁从"一权"确立、"两权"分离到"三权"分置的历史性探索产生的集体智慧结晶。随着实践发展,"三权"分置也需要不断完善和创新,尤其需要明确"三权"的权利边界和权利关系,硬化所有权主体,对"三权"进行平等保护,探索承包地退出的有效途径,强化经营权流转后的土地用途管制等。

The idea of"separation of three rights"in agricultural land is based on Marx’s dialectical materialist epistemology,combining with practical explorations, resulting in a major theoretical innovation that guides the reform of the socialist rural land property rights system. The concept of"separation of three rights"in agricultural land has emerged from the era background in which the new era and the main social contradictions have undergone historical changes. It embodies the new development concept to the core idea of governing the country, such as"adhering and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics","adhere to the people as the center". The concept of"separation of three rights"has a rich theoretical connotation. It is the collective wisdom of the historical exploration of China’s rural land property rights changing from the establishment of"one right", the separation of"two rights"to the separation of"three rights". With the development of practice, the"separation of three rights"also needs continuous improvement and innovation. In particular, it is necessary to clarify the rights boundary, harden the ownership body, protect the"three rights", and explore the withdrawal of contracted land, and strengthen land use control after the transfer of management rights.