桉叶素生物合成研究进展

Recent Advances in Biosynthesis of 1,8-Cineole

作为桉叶油的主要成分,桉叶素是具有多种生物活性的单萜化合物,被广泛应用于药品、食品及化妆品等领域。桉叶油主要从桉树叶提取,该过程耗费大量人力及自然资源,且容易污染环境。近年来,随着微生物代谢工程与合成生物学的快速发展,加上越来越多萜类生物合成途径得到解析,为桉叶素的绿色生产提供了新的途径。对桉叶素的生物合成途径、桉叶素合酶的结构与功能及近年来桉叶素的微生物合成进行了综述,并对利用微生物代谢工程合成桉叶素等单萜化合物的瓶颈问题及解决方案进行了探讨和归纳,为构建高产桉叶素等单萜微生物工程菌株提供参考。

As the main component of eucalyptus oil,1,8-cineole is a monoterpene compound exhibiting a wide range of bioactivities.It has been applied broadly in the fields of pharmaceuticals,food,and cosmetic industries.The commercially available eucalyptus oil is mainly extracted from eucalyptus leaves.The extraction process requires intensive labor and abundant natural resources,and is prone to contaminate the environment.1, 8-cineole will be produced greenly with the rapid development of microbial metabolic engineering and synthetic biology,and with more and more biosynthetic pathways of terpenoids have been deciphered in the future .The biosynthetic pathway of 1,8-cineole,the structures and functions of 1,8-cineole synthases,and the microbial biosynthesis of 1,8-cineole are reviewed.The bottleneck problems encountered in the production of 1,8-cineole with engineered microbial strains are summarized,and the corresponding solving strategies are proposed,that will provide references for the construction of engineered microbial strains with high yield of 1,8-cineole or other monoterpenes.