康德“先天综合判断”视域下的学校知识审视

Research on School Knowledge from the Perspective of Kant's Innate Comprehensive Judgement

由康德哲学引发"哥白尼式"的知识论革命,并非是对原有知识论的注脚,而是为人类知识,当然也为学校知识开拓了一个全新的视域。作为表征康德知识论要义的核心概念"先天综合判断",既有"先验"或曰"理性形式范畴"的内容,又具有"经验"或曰"感性形式范畴"的生成意义。以此关照当下的学校知识,就先验理性形式范畴而言,学校知识具有"潜隐性"特征;就其经验感性形式范畴而言,学校知识则具有"生成性"特征。以"先天综合判断"之概念审视当下的学校知识,或可对其当下的问题与出路有更加澄明的认识。

The "Copernican"epistemological revolution initiated by Kant's philosophy is not a footnote to the original epistemology,but a new perspective for human and school knowledge. "Innate synthetic judgment",as the core concept of Kant's epistemology,not only has the content of "transcendental"or "category of the rational form",but also has the generating meaning of "experience"or "category of the perceptual form".In terms of transcendental rational form,school knowledge has the characteristics of "latent recessive".As far as the perceptual form of experience is concerned,school knowledge has "generative"characteristics.Examining the current school knowledge with the perspective of "innate synthetic judgment" may provide a clearer understanding of the current problems and solutions.