协作研发网络结构嵌入性、技术标准集中度与技术融合

Structural Embeddedness of R&D Networks,Concentration of Technical Standards,and Technology Convergence

技术融合的驱动因素是当前政策设计和学术研究的热点问题。以技术标准集中度为技术标准垄断的代理变量,分析了协作研发网络结构嵌入性、技术标准集中度与强化型技术融合和新型技术融合之间的关系。利用中国汽车产业20多年专利和标准数据进行实证研究发现:技术标准集中度刺激强化型技术融合,但对新型技术融合没有明显作用;不同协作研发网络结构嵌入性对技术标准集中度发挥异质性的作用,前者既能促进又能制约后者;协作研发网络结构嵌入性对强化型和新型技术融合发挥直接促进作用,但其通过技术标准集中度发挥性质各异的间接作用。因此,三者之间存在复杂的、异质性的关系。应进行精准的政策设计适度引导合作与竞争以鼓励技术融合。

Driving factors for technology convergence are major focus for policy design and academic research. By using technical- standard concentration as a proxy for technical-standard monopoly, the relationship between the structural embeddedness of R&D networks, technical-standard concentration, and technology eanvergenee is investigated. Based on 20-year data of patents and standards from the Chinese automobile industry, the empirical results show that technical-standard concentration stimulates reinforcing technology convergence, but has no effect on novel technology convergence. Different structural embeddedness of R&D networks has varied effects on technical-standard eoncentration and can be both detrimental and beneficial. Structural embeddedness of R&D networks stimulates both reinforcing and novel technology convergence directly, but has heterogeneous indirect effect via standard-technical concentration. Thus, there is complex relationship among the three. Precise policy design on collaboration and competition to encourage technology convergenee is needed.