无机复合阻燃剂提高木质素基酚醛泡沫阻燃性的研究

Study on improving the flame retardancy of lignin-based phenolic foam by inorganic composite flame retardant

采用物理共混的方法制备了不同成分组成的无机物改性木质素基酚醛泡沫材料。采用了热重分析仪、导热系数测定仪、临界氧指数分析仪、建材燃烧热值装置等对泡沫材料的性能进行了研究。结果表明,膨胀石墨,硼酸锌,氢氧化铝和环氧乙烷的质量分数分别为10%、10%、20%和10%时酚醛泡沫的性能最佳,最大热降解速率温度330℃,800℃残炭率为52.3%,较普通酚醛泡沫提高了19.4%。临界氧指数为46.4%,提高了30.34%,燃烧热值15.3MJ/kg,较普通酚醛泡沫降低51.12%。改性泡沫的阻燃性能显著提高。

The inorganic modified lignin-based phenolic foams with different composition were prepared by physical blending. The properties of foam materials were investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer,thermal conductivity analyzer,critical oxygen index analyzer and building material combustion calorific value device. The results showed that the performance of phenolic foam was best when the mass fraction of expanded graphite,zinc borate,aluminum hydroxide and ethylene oxide were 10%,10%,20% and 10%,respectively. The temperature of the maximum thermal degradation rate was 330 ℃. The char yield rate at 800 ℃ was 52.3%,which was19.4% higher than that of ordinary phenolic foam. The critical oxygen index was 46.4%,which was increased by 30.34%,and the calorific value of combustion was 15.3 MJ/kg,which was 51.12% lower than that of ordinary phenolic foam. The flame retardant properties of the modified foam were significantly improved.