198例老年颌面部骨折患者临床分析

Clinic analysis of 198 elder patients with maxillofacial fracture

目的了解老年颌面部骨折患者的临床特征。方法对2010年7月—2017年10月收治的198例老年颌面部骨折手术患者的临床资料进行回顾,分析创伤原因、骨折部位、合并伤、系统性疾病、治疗方法等临床特征。结果 198例老年颌面部骨折患者,男女比3.95︰1,平均年龄66.15岁;交通事故伤(78例,39.39%)、摔伤(49例,24.75%)、高坠伤(33例,16.67%)是老年人颌面部骨折的主要原因;下颌骨是最常见的骨折部位(120例);60例患者同时伴发颌面部以外的创伤,四肢损伤最多(28例);66例患有系统性疾病,最常见的是心血管疾病(50例)。198例患者的治疗方法主要是小型或微型接骨板切开复位坚强内固定。结论坠跌伤和交通事故伤是老年颌面部骨折的主要原因,应采取有效的预防和干预措施。

Objective The purpose of the study was to analyze the characteristics of elder patients with maxillofacial fracture. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in the elder patients, who were treated from July 2010 to October 2017. The clinical characteristics of the etiology, fracture site, combined injury, systemic disease, and treatment method were analyzed. Results In the 198 elderly patients with maxillofacial fractures, the male-to-female ratio was 3.95︰1, and the mean age was 66.15 years old. Traffic accident injury(78 patients, 39.39%), fall injury(49 patients, 24.75%), high fall injury(33 patients, 16.67%) were the main factors of maxillofacial fracture in elderly patients. The most frequently observed fracture site was the mandible(120 patients). A total of 60 patients demonstrated associated injuries, in which limb injuries were the most prevalent(28 patients); whereas 66 patients had other systemic medical conditions, in which cardiovascular diseases was the most frequent(50 patients). The main treatment method of 198 patients was rigid internal fixation with small or micro-plates. Conclusion Falling and traffic accidents are the main factors of maxillofacial fracture in elderly patients. Thus, interference measures should be observed for the prevention of maxillofacial fractures in elderly patients.