从出土玉戈看盘龙城等城市的高等级贵族

Examining High-ranking Elites through Jade ge Excavated from Panlongcheng

玉戈和青铜礼器一样,是商周时期体现贵族身份的标志物。本文通过考察郑州商城、盘龙城墓葬出土玉戈、柄形器等礼器,提出玉戈、青铜礼器和玉柄形器由主及次地体现贵族身份重要程度,同时高等级贵族随葬更多、更大的玉戈。由大型玉戈结合青铜礼器的情况,可观察出盘龙城目前已经出现当地首领一级的最高等级墓葬13座,台西和大辛庄也有少数同等级别的遗存出现,而郑州商城王级墓葬尚未出现。

Jades are similar to bronze ritual vessels in that they are the primary symbols of elite statues during the Shang and Western Zhou periods.The present study discusses how jade ge,jade shafts, and bronze ritual vessels materialize elite identity based on examinations of these artifacts among the grave good assemblages of Zhengzhou Shangcheng and Panlongcheng burials.Based on the evidence of large-sized jade ge in combination with sets of bronze ritual vessels,we conclude that 13 burials at Panlongcheng exhibit signs of being among the highest ranking burials,comparable to that seen at Taixi and Daxinzhuang,and further that such high-ranking burials have yet to be found at Zhengzhou Shangcheng.