“好奇”号火星探测器火星表面取样钻探近况

Overview of Mars Drilling with Curiosity

通过对火星进行探测,可获取大量对研究地球乃至太阳系的起源及演化、生命起源及演化等关键科学问题具有重要价值及意义的科学数据。为获取这些科学数据,世界各国先后制定了各自的火星探测计划,其中,美国宇航局发射的"好奇"号火星探测器的探索成果最为丰硕。自着陆以来,"好奇"号火星探测器利用自身携带的科学设备在火星表面实施了定点钻探采样,并对样品进行了简要分析。根据美国宇航局(NASA)的公开资料,结合"好奇"号火星探测器自身搭载的火星手持透镜成像仪(MAHLI)的应用,介绍了"好奇"号火星探测器在火星表面取样钻探的近况,并且针对火星取样钻探存在的难点提出了相应的对策,加深了人类对火星的认识,同时也为我国的火星探测计划提供重要的参考价值。

A large number of important scientific data for the study of the origin and evolution of the Earth or even the solar system,the origin and evolution of life,can be obtained through the exploration of Mars.The countries all over the world have developed their own Mars exploration programs to obtain these scientific data,of which NASA’s " Curious" Mars probe has been the most fruitful. " Curiosity" carried out fixed point drilling sampling on the surface of Mars using its own scientific equipment,and made a brief analysis of the samples since its landing.This paper introduces the recent overview of the " Curious" Mars probe on the Martian surface sampling and drilling based on the public information from the NASA and the application of the Mars handheld lens imager(MAHLI),and puts forward corresponding countermeasures against the difficulties in the Martian sampling and drilling,to enable human to further understand of Mars,and provides important reference for China’s Mars exploration program at the same time.