基于实验学的国家森林公园低碳旅游行为及产品设计模式

Tourist Behavior and Product Design Model of Low Carbon Tourism for National Forest Park Based on Experimentation

旅游者低碳行为是推动旅游产业供给侧改革的关键因素之一,对于旅游业的低碳转型和可持续发展具有关键性的影响。文章以张家界国家森林公园为研究对象,采用实验学方法,进行情景模拟实验,从地域、年龄、职业收入三个方面遴选测试样本,分析其低碳旅游行为特点。结果表明:(1)不同地域样本的低碳旅游行为主要受客源地到旅游地的距离、客源地的社会经济发展水平的影响产生差异,距离旅游地较远的发达地区的样本选择旅游产品消费属于高碳型,而省内客源地样本则以消费低碳型旅游产品为主。(2)不同年龄样本的低碳旅游行为有较大差异,样本年龄越小,消费能力越小,其可消费的旅游产品趋于低碳性,反之则趋于高碳性。(3)样本的职业差异影响其收入差异,样本收入高低影响低碳旅游行为有较大差异,总体而言,收入越高,其消费的旅游产品趋于高碳性,反之,则趋于低碳性。基于上述分析结果,以研究区的典型旅游产品为对象,构建旅游产品低碳性识别方法,并实证分析;从理论基础、资源体系、细分市场等方面构建低碳旅游产品设计模式。研究成果有助于丰富旅游者行为和低碳旅游理论,可为我国低碳旅游景区开发管理、低碳旅游产品设计提供科技支撑和案例借鉴。

The low carbon behavior of tourists is a key factor in the production and consumption patterns of the tourism industry,which has a crucial influence on the sustainable development of tourism.National Forest Park has a good low carbon ecological background and rich low carbon tourism products,and allows for the easy identification of low carbon behavior.It is one of the important space carriers for the development of low carbon tourism in China.The article takes Zhangjiajie National Forest Park,the first national forest park in China,as the research object.It adopts experimental methods,sets travel conditions,controls the relevant travel elements or variables,and independently implements repeated experiments on 30subjects to analyze the characteristics of their low carbon behavior,and to observe how different factors influence the decision-making process of tourists.The subjects are selected from three aspects:region,age,and occupational income.The results show that:(1)The low carbon tourist behaviors of tourists from different regions are mainly affected by the distance from the source regions to the tourism destination and the socio-economic development level of the source region.Samples from developed regions farther away from the tourism destination is used to choose a high carbon type of product,while the sample inside the province mainly consumes low carbon tourism products.(2)The low carbon tourist behaviors of different age samples are quite different.The lower the sample age is,the lower the consumption,and the consumable tourism products tend to be low carbon.On the contrary,those of an older age tend to consume high carbon products.(3)Occupational differences in the sample result in income differences.The level of sample income affects the behavior of low carbon tourism.In general,higher incomes mean more high carbon tourism products consumed,and the lower the income the more low carbon products are consumed. Based on the above analysis,taking the typical tourism products in the study area as objects,we constructed a low carbon identification method for tourism products.A low carbon tourism product design model was constructed from a theoretical basis,resource system,and market segmentation in order to reduce carbon emissions while greatly improving environmental,social and economic benefits. This study applies experimentation methods to the behavioral selection of typical samples for low carbon tourism.Obviously,it can effectively capture the process and details of the selections tourists make of low carbon tourism products and understand the influence of various factors on decision- making in choosing low carbon products.Based on this,a low carbon tourism product design model is constructed,which has strong practicality for natural tourism destinations and has certain inspiring significance for other types of tourism destinations.The research ideas and methods are relatively novel.Furthermore,low carbon tourist behavior and product design are more scientific.The research results are helpful to enrich tourist behavior theory and low carbon tourism theory,and provide scientific support and case-based reference for the development and management of low carbon tourist attractions and low carbon tourism product design in China.