“一国两制”下中央对特别行政区全面管治权之释义分析——兼论全面管治权与高度自治权的关系

Interpretation of the Overall Jurisdiction under the Policy of " One Country,Two Systems":Also on the Relationship between the Overall Jurisdiction and the High Degree of Autonomy

全面管治权是中央依主权而对特别行政区居民和事务,直接或间接行使的管辖、统治、治理的权力。全面管治权是基于《宪法》和两部《基本法》之规范,归纳和总结中央与特别行政区在对内主权和对外主权上的权力关系。全面管治权综合了"管辖权"之法律属性与"治权"之政治意涵,兼具法理基础、规范依据与宪制需要。一国两制语境下,中央依主权,将部分管治权之权力行使权授权给特别行政区,形成特别行政区的高度自治权,全面管治权是高度自治权的权力本源。

The overall jurisdiction is the power of the central government to exercise jurisdiction,rule and governance directly or indirectly over the residents and affairs of the Special Administrative Region in ac- cordance with its sovereignty.Based on the norms of the Constitution and the two Basic Laws,it sums up the power relations between the Central Government and the Special Adtministrative Region in terms of internal sovereignty and external sovereignty,combing the legal attribute of "jurisdiction"and the politi- cal meaning of "governing power",having the legal basis,normative basis and constitutional need at the same time.In the context of "one country,two systems ,the Central Government,in accordance with its sovereignty,has delegated to the Special Administrative'Region (SAR)the power to part of its ._exercise governing power,thus forming a high degree of autonomy in the SAR,the overall jurisdiction being the source of it.