分枝杆菌在建筑供水系统中的存在水平与控制技术研究

The existing level and control technologies of mycobacteria in building water supply system

城市供水系统安全一直是国内外学者研究的热点。建筑供水系统(building water supply system, BWSS)作为城市供水最后一个环节,其水质安全日益受到重视。新型条件致病菌之一的分枝杆菌作为氯消毒管网中的优势菌种,具有耐热、抗消毒剂的特征,能在建筑供水系统中长期生存,并通过空气、皮肤等途径侵入人体,引发人体健康隐患。相比于建筑给水系统,分枝杆菌在热水系统中更易繁殖。研究表明淋浴热水是导致非结核分枝杆菌疾病的感染源之一,分枝杆菌对人类健康产生的威胁不容忽视。对建筑供水系统中分枝杆菌的检测方法、存在水平及影响因素进行了探讨与分析,并总结了相关控制技术,为建筑供水水质安全标准的制定提供了一定参考。

The safety of urban water supply system is a hot topic for scholars all over the world. The building water supply system(BWSS) is the last link of urban water supply so that domestic water quality security is increasingly highlighted. As one of the new opportunistic pathogens,mycobacteria is a kind of dominant strains in chlorine disinfection distribution system, borne with heat anddisinfectant resistances. It can survive in the BWSS for a long time, and causea variety of life-threatening illness by inhalation of aerosols and direct contact. Compared with the drinking water system, mycobacteria is more prolific in the hot water system. Shower water has been proved to be one of the sources of infection that causes non-tuberculous mycobacteria diseases. The threat to human health caused by mycobacteria can’t be ignored. The detection method, existing level and influencing factors of mycobacteria in the BWSS were discussed and analyzed. And the related control technologies were summarized, which provided a certain reference for the establishment of water quality security standards for BWSS.