社会资本对农民工多维贫困影响分析

The Mechanism Effect of Social Capital on Migrant Workers' Multidimensional Poverty

多维贫困已成为影响我国实施"精准扶贫、精准脱贫"战略的严重障碍,而社会资本作为缓解多维贫困的非正规制度,理应在贫困治理中发挥重要作用。本文基于贫困的多维特性分析了社会资本促进贫困减缓的机理,利用2015年中国综合调查(CGSS)数据,探讨了社会资本对农民工多维贫困的影响及其代际差异。研究发现,社会资本具有缓解多维贫困的功能,且在缓解收入、教育贫困方面尤为突出,但健康减贫效应不显著,考虑内生性问题及采用稳健性估计以后,其结论仍然稳健成立。进一步边际效应显示,社会资本减贫增收的边际效应略大于教育脱贫。同时,社会资本是影响新老农民工教育脱贫效果差异化的关键因素,且社会资本对老一代农民工影响作用更大。社会资本能通过缩小收入差距与提升就业质量进而缓解收入贫困;在健康贫困方面,社会资本主要通过获取医疗服务资源的路径实现脱贫;在教育贫困方面的其脱贫路径是加强农民工充电学习,强化社会资本"干中学"效应而缓解教育贫困。

Multidimensional poverty has become the impact of China’s implementation of the"precise poverty,and social capital regard as an informal system,which should play the role on poverty alleviation.This paper base on the analysis of the characteristics of Multidimensional Poverty and promote social capital theory mechanism for poverty alleviation mechanism,use 2015 China comprehensive survey(CGSS)data,discusses the mechanism effect of social capital on the Multidimensional Poverty.The study found that social capital can alleviate the Multidimensional Poverty,and alleviate poverty in income,education is particularly prominent,but the health of the poverty reduction effect is not significant,while the robust estimation with instrumental variable method to overcome the endogeneity problem,the conclusion remains robust set up.Show a further marginal effect,the marginal effect of social capital and income poverty reduction is slightly higher than the poverty of education.At the same time,social capital is the key factor affecting differentiation of old and new education of migrant workers out of poverty,and the social capital in older generation of migrant workers are more affect.The social capital mainly narrow the income gap and enhance the quality of employment to slow down income poverty;in health poverty,compared to cultivate a healthy way of life,the mechanism of social capital is more prominent through the acquisition of medical service resources can be realized in the education of the poor;the action path is the charging of migrant workers to strengthen learning,strengthen the social capital"doing"effect and alleviate the poverty of education.