科举改章、停废与晚清书业革命

The Reforms and Abolishment of the Civil Service Examination System and the Book Industry Revolution in Late Qing Dynasty

科举停废是中国近现代历史上的一次转折性大事件;而肇兴于晚清上海的书业革命,引发了印刷资本主义的急剧扩张,促成了思想与商业、启蒙与生意的多元复杂互动。学制改革与印刷业的根本转型,这两个事件交逢在近代"中""西""新""旧"世道迁折的时局中,两者并非引发与被引发的单一因果关系。技术与经济空间格局的演变是真正将这些思想变局实现并固定下来的本质性力量。书业革命,正是这样的一个"枢机"——承载了、呈现出思想与市场、制度与技术变迁之间繁复而又具体的轨迹。

The abolition of the civil service examination system is a watershed event in modern Chinese history,while the book industry revolution which sprang up in the late Qing dynasty in Shanghai,had resulted in the dramatic expansion of"print capitalism"and the multiple and complex interaction between thought and commerce,and enlightenment and business.The relationship between the reforms of the educational system and the fundamental transformation of the printing industry,meeting in the historical transition period of the"east"and the"west",the"new"and the"old",was not just cause-and-effect.The evolution of technology and economic spatial pattern are the essential forces which actually promoted and realized the thought transformation.