高速铁路站台电磁环境分析

Analysis of Electromagnetic Environment around High-speed Railway Platform

为研究高速铁路站台区域电磁环境是否满足国际非电离辐射防护委员会(ICNIRP)规定的工频电磁场曝露限值,通过数值计算,得到并分析了站台区域工频电磁场的分布规律。针对接触网导线和整个站台空间存在的"大尺寸区域小尺寸元件"问题,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立人体、接触网、列车以及站台的等效模型,计算得到站台上的电场强度和磁感应强度。结果表明,站台上电磁场强度与监测点到接触网导线对地投影点的水平距离密切相关;列车对站台上工频电场屏蔽效果明显,白色安全线处人体胸部与头部电场的最大屏蔽系数分别为90.9%,74.5%;列车对站台上工频磁场屏蔽作用较小;无列车停靠时,头部的最大电场强度达到4 678V/m,接近ICNIRP导则规定的工频电场公众暴露限值5 kV/m。

In order to research whether electromagnetic environment on platform of high-speed railway met the standard by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP),distribution of power-frequency electromagnetic field was calculated and analyzed by numerical calculation.To question of the existing of "big size area and small size element"among the catenary in railway platform area,equivalent models of human body,lines,trains and platform were built and electric field intensity and magnetic.flux density of the platform area were calculated by ANSYS.The result showed that power-frequency electromagnetic field was closely to the horizontal distance between monitoring point and the point where catenary wiresproject;The trains shield the electric field obviously and the shielding effect of chest and head on safety line were 90.9%and 74.5%respectively;But the effect of magnetic field shielded by trains was inconspicuous;Electric field intensity of the head on the white line was maximum value of 4678 V/m when there was no train,which approached to but not outnumber the limits set of 5kV/m by ICNIRP guideline.