钢铝混合车体铆接结构有限元建模方法研究

Research on FE Modeling Methods of Riveting Structure of Steel-aluminum Hybrid Body

为建立一种适用于钢铝混合车体铆接结构的简化有限元模型,基于ANSYS平台,采用壳单元与MPC184刚性梁单元在3种不同的复杂程度下分别建立了双排单搭板铆接结构和双排双搭板铆接结构的简化有限元分析模型,并与全实体有限元模型进行了比较分析。在此基础上提出了铆接结构采用壳单元与MPC184刚性梁单元进行离散化的工程方法,并将其成功运用于某钢铝混合车体强度分析中。研究表明:采用该方法对铆接结构进行离散化时,在距离铆钉距离大于10倍的铆钉名义直径区域,铆接结构的von_Mises应力计算相对误差在5%以下,且随着距离的增加逐渐减小;在对大型铆接结构进行强度分析时,综合采用该方法与子模型技术在保证其计算精度的前提下提高了计算效率。

In order to establish a simplified finite element model for the riveting structure of steel-aluminum hybrid body,the finite element model of double-row single-plate riveting structure and the finite element model of double-row double-plate riveting structure were established based on ANSYS platform with shell element and MPC184rigid beam element at three different complexity levels, and these simplified finite element models were analyzed compared with the solid finite element model.The method of discretizing the riveted structure using the shell element and the MPC184rigid beam element was proposed on this basis,and then it was applied to the strength analysis process of a steel-aluminum hybrid car body successfully.This research showed that,the relative error of the von- Mises stress was less than 5percent in the region of the riveted structure where the distance from the rivet was greater than ten times the nominal diameter of the rivet when using this method,and it would gradually decrease as the distance increases.In the analysis of the strength of the large riveting structure,the calculation efficiency was greatly improved byusing the method and the sub modeling technique ensuring the accuracy of the calculation.