四川白鹅多种矿物元素消化及排放研究

Digestibility and Emission of Several Kinds of Mineral in Sichuan White Goose

为科学设计鹅日粮配方及对周边环境排放矿物元素标准的制订提供理论依据,研究选用3种全价饲料T、X和Z料为试验日粮(Z料含常量元素水平高于T和X料,微量元素水平则与之相反),采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,8只90日龄雄性四川白鹅用于全收粪法试验,测定鹅对日粮Ca、P、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn的消化率、排放率、沉积量和排放量。结果显示:Fe消化率Z料极显著高于X料(P<0.01),沉积量和排放率则相反(P<0.01);Zn消化率和沉积量、Cu沉积量为Z料显著高于T料(P<0.05),Cu和Zn排放率则与之相反(P<0.05);Ca和P的沉积量之间无显著线性相关,T、X料中各元素之间的排放量均成显著或极显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),而Z料中则无此现象。聚类分析发现Fe与常量元素归为一类,同时鹅体内Ca和P消化规律和沉积规律并不具有一致性。研究表明:四川白鹅日粮的配制宜提高常量矿物元素水平补充,可适当降低微量元素添加水平。

To offer basic data for scientific design of diet formulation and standard of mineral emissions in environment for goose, eight 90-day-age male Sichuan White geese were used in this experiment and grouped according to 3×3 latin square design, which were fed three kinds of compound feed, and macroelement levels of Z feed was higher than those of T feed or X feed, while microelement levels of Z feed was lower than that of the others. All collect method was adopted to evaluate the digestibility, emission ratio, deposition and emission of calcium(Ca), phosphorus(P),magnesium(Mg), cuprum(Cu), ferrum(Fe), manganese(Mn) and zinc(Zn) in vivo. The results showed that Fe digestibility of Z feed was very significantly higher than that of X feed(P<0.01), in contrast, the deposition and emission of Fe were very significantly lower(P<0.01). Zn digestibility or deposition, Cu deposition of Z feed were significantly higher than those of T feed(P<0.05), in contrast, Cu or Zn emission were very significantly lower(P<0.05). There were no linear correlations between the deposition of Ca and P. There were significantly positive linear correlations between the emission of most elements in T feed or X feed(P<0.05 or P<0.01), while there was not the case for Z feed. Clustering analysis showed that Fe and all the macroelements were classified into the same group; meanwhile, there was different between the rule of digestibility and deposition of Ca or P in goose. It′s concluded that macroelements requirement of Sichuan White goose were higher and microelements were lower than that of chicken.