煤矿区土体裂缝特征及其生态环境效应研究进展

A review of soil mass cracks characteristics and their eco-environmental effects in coal mining area

煤炭资源开采产生的土体裂缝是最直观、分布最广、危害最大的一种衍生地质灾害,不仅破坏土地连续性,严重威胁矿山地质环境,造成土地生产力下降和严重的水污染,而且还威胁到矿山机电设备和生产人员的安全。本文系统总结了煤矿区土体裂缝形成机理及演化规律、形态特征及影响因素、测定方法及其生态环境效应等方面最新研究进展;提出,今后应加强对煤矿区土体裂缝形态特征研究,结合现场试验和室内模拟揭示土体裂缝的优先流效应及其贡献率,阐明排土场土体裂缝特征及其对边坡稳定性的定量影响。

Soil mass cracks caused by coal resource exploitation are the most intuitive,widely distributed,and harmful geological disasters.They could destroy the continuity of land,threaten the mine geological environment,and lead to productivity reduction and water pollution.More- over,they may also threaten the safety of mine electrical and mechanical facilities and workers. We reviewed recent research progress of soil mass cracks in formation mechanism and evolution pattern,shape characteristics and influencing factors,determination methods and eco-environ- mental effects in coal mining area.The shape characteristics of soil mass cracks in coal mining area should be further studied,the preferential flow effect and its contribution rate of soil mass cracks should be revealed by field study and laboratory simulation.Furthermore,the characteris- tics of soft mass cracks in dumping sites and its quantitative effects on slope stability Should be clarified.