地震激励下储罐内液体的减晃试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON SLOSHING SUPPRESSION OF FLUID IN STORAGE TANK UNDER SEISMIC EXCITATIONS

晃动波高作为储罐设计中的一个重要指标,对储罐的罐高设计起着控制性作用,并且液体晃动过大会造成储罐发生“象足”和“菱形”屈曲等形式的破坏。为了抑制储罐内液体的晃动,以有机玻璃代替钢材设计了缩尺比为1:30的立式储罐模型,以减晃板相对宽度和相对位置作为待优化参数,以波高峰值、罐壁加速度响应、罐壁压应力峰值作为晃动响应衡量指标,对有、无减晃板的立式储罐内的液体在不同地震激励下的晃动响应进行了模型试验。研究结果表明:针对试验储罐,当减晃板宽度为12.5%~17.5%的储罐半径且位置距液面12.5%~22.5%的储罐高度时,减晃板对储液的晃动波高具有较好的控制效果,罐底加速度响应也得到了较明显的抑制;罐壁压应力峰值虽有放大但仍远小于标准限值。

Sloshing wave height plays an important role in tank height design,and violent liquid sloshing may cause tank wall occur elephant-foot buckling and diamond-shaped buckling.For the purpose of suppressing liquid sloshing, the research substituted polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)for steel to establish a 1:30scaled model,setting relative width and location of ring baffles as the parameters to be optimized,and utilizing wave height amplitude,tank wall acceleration and pressure as measures to evaluate the effectiveness of baffled and un-haffled model experiment subjected to different seismic excitations.It could provide test data for recommending a practical baffle arrangement that would be effective over a range of width and location.The results showed that ring baffle arrangements were very effective in reducing the sloshing loads.When the relative width at 12.5%-17.5%and the relative location at 12.5%-22.5%, the effect of suppressing wave was the most remarkable and also effective to the acceleration amplitude of tank bottom. Although the tank wall pressure amplitude was magnified,but still far less than the code limit.