适用于中国人群的痴呆筛查和评估框架

Dementia screening and diagnostic framework in Chinese population

痴呆已成为老年人的常见病,我国60岁以上人群痴呆患病率为7.2%,高于全球平均水平(6.2%),年发病率0.625%,痴呆人数占全球患病总数的1/4[1-2]。常见的痴呆病因主要有阿尔茨海默病(AD)、血管性痴呆(VaD)、路易体痴呆(DLB)、帕金森病痴呆(PDD)、额颞叶痴呆(FTD)等,其中AD占所有病因的60%~80%。现有药物如胆碱酯酶抑制剂和谷氨酸受体拮抗剂只能短期改善症状,不能延缓疾病进展[3-5]。因此,早发现、早诊断、早治疗已成为痴呆防治的全球共识。

There are no standard diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD)in China.The copied international criteria has led to a high rate of missed diagnosis due to issues such as translation and cultural discrepancy.Under the principles of semantic equivalence,content equivalence and performance equivalence,the research group of Alzheimer's Disease Chinese (ADC)adopted several effective methods, such as two-way translation,content conversion,performance evaluation,etc.to systematically study the cognitive,behavioral,functional,and general assessment techniques in dementia screening and diagnosis,as well as their screening thresholds and diagnostic values.We also established a dementia screening and assessment framework in clinical practice through systematic reviews and group consensus.It has improved the early diagnosis rate of dementia in China,been accepted by home and abroad academic institutions, which is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of dementia.