普通话异读词调查的再分析

Re-analysis of the Survey on Chinese Words with Variant Pronunciations

新时期的普通话审音工作增加了对实际发音的调查环节,本文是对有关调查结果的再分析。本文首先介绍人名和称谓类异读词的正确率,根据调查结果对其中正确率较低的异读词给出了审音建议。按照《普通话异读词审音表》(1985),调查团队分析了统读和非统读类、文白异读类异读词的正确率,鉴于有些统读不太符合语言的实际使用情况,建议重新审定;考察了部分文读音和白读音各占优势的情况,对若干字的读音给出了审音建议;整理了被调查者自行写出的选项外读音并对其成因进行了分析。最后,本文结合社会语言学调查结果指出了审音工作的复杂性,需要综合考虑多种因素。

This paper re-analyzes the survey of the actual pronunciations of Beijing Mandarin in the Review of Putonghua Pronunciation in 2010s.First,the paper introduces the correct rates of name and appellation words with variant pronunciations and provide orthoepic suggestions for words with lower correct rates.Based on The Inventory of Words with Variant Pronunciations (1985),the paper analyzes the correct rates of words with unified/non-unified pronunciations and literal/colloquial pronunciations.Some unified pronunciations are not in line with the actual pronunciations and it is suggested that these pronunciations be reviewed again.Moreover,it investigates the dominant situation of literal or colloquial pronunciations,and gives relevant suggestions for the pronunciations of some words.It also discusses the reasons for the respondents to pick up the pronunciations that are out of the fixed options.The paper concludes by citing the results of the sociolinguistic survey that,the pronunciation review is complex and should take many factors into consideration.