瑞典电力领域研究与SWOT分析

Research and SWOT Analysis on Swedish Power Sector

瑞典具备成熟的电力市场,是北欧电力市场的重要成员,研究瑞典电力领域对我国电力行业发展具有重要意义。2017年瑞典全国电力装机约3949.84×10^4kW,其中水力发电占比41.5%,非水可再生能源占比29.6%,核电占比21.2%,地热发电占比7.7%。瑞典企业、能源和通讯部及其下属的瑞典能源局、瑞典电力市场督察组以及电力企业。构成了该国电力行业的主要架构。其电力交易机制以北欧电力市场的现货市场为基础,辅助服务市场和金融市场为补充。瑞典还制定了《新能源指导书》等相关能源政策,计划到2020年可再生能源消费占到其能源消费总量的50%。瑞典的“绿色证书”运行机制促使可再生能源电价完全通过市场机制调节。从政治形势、商业环境、能源禀赋、地理位置等方面对瑞典电力市场进行SWOT分析,认为未来该国将日益依赖于可再生能源(包括水电)的供应,非水电可再生能源、生物质能以及热电联产项目将成为瑞典电力市场未来5年的增长点。

With a mature electricity market,Sweden is an important member of the Nordic electricity market. Studying the Swedish power sector is of great significance to the development of China's power industry.In 2017,the installed capacity of electricity in Sweden was about 3349.84×10^4kW,of which hydropower account- nate Swedish Energy Agency,Swedish Energy Markets Inspectorate as well as the power companies constitute the main structure of the Swedish power industry.Its power trading mechanism is based on the spot market in the Nordic electricity market and supplemented by ancillary services and financial markets.Sweden has also developed related energy policies including the New Energy Guide,according to which the renewable energy consumption is projected to account for 50%of its total energy consumption by 2020.Owing to the Green Certificate in Sweden,the renewable energy tariffs can be fully regulated by market mechanisms.Through SWOT analysis of the Swedish electricity market from the aspects of political situation,business environment, energy endowment and geographical location,it is concluded that Sweden will be increasingly dependent on the supply of renewable energy including hydropower,and that non-hydro renewable energy,biomass energy and cogeneration projects will become the growth point of Swedish electricity market in the next five years.