新能源信息化和数据业务运营的国际经验分析

International Experience in Informatization and Data Service Operation in New Energy Industry

基于“大数据”和“互联网+”的新能源信息化管理已得到我国政府主管部门和企业的重视,但国内已有的新能源数据运营主体尚未形成成熟的市场化运营体系,在数据搜集处理、盈利模式等方面面临挑战。国际能源署(IEA)作为一家政府间机构,其能源数据业务运营模式具有较强的代表性。IEA的能源数据中心(EDC)主要负责搜集和分析全球范围内130余个国家的能源研究相关数据,并按国别、按年度整理能源平衡表。IEA的数据搜集模式因搜集对象的不同而有所区别:对于成员国,其有义务定期向IEA提交特定格式的数据搜集调查表;对于非成员国,IEA会与该国的政府部门、行业间协会、能源企业等建立广泛的数据合作关系,通过数据交换、人员借调等方式获得所需数据。同时,IEA也会与其他国际能源机构开展合作和数据交流,以获得更为广泛全面的能源领域权威数据。对于通过数据搜集调查表以外获得的统计口径不一致的数据,IEA会根据实际情况对其进行一定的标准化处理。IEA已形成一套成熟的数据业务运营及盈利模式体系,除了收取成员国会费,出版有影响力的付费报告、付费数据和咨询服务、捐助等均构成经费来源的重要部分。这些经验值得我国新能源数据业务运营主体借鉴。

New energy information management based on 'Big Data'and 'Internet Plus'has attracted more and more attention from the government authorities and enterprises in China lbut the existing new energy data and information operators still lack of mature market operating system and face challenges in data collection and processing,profit pattems,etc.International Energy Agency (IEA)is an intergovernmental agency,and its energy data service operation model is representative.IEA's Energy Data Center (EDC)is responsible for collecting and analyzing the energy research data from more than 130countries around the world and organizing energy balances by country and by year.IEA's data collection model differs depending on the object of collection.Member states are obliged to submit a data collection questionnaire in a specific format to the IEA on a regular basis.For non-member states,IEA will establish extensive data partnerships with the government departments,the inter-industry associations and the energy enterprises,and obtain the required data through data exchange and staff secondment.Meanwhile,IEA will cooperate and exchange data with other international energy agencies to obtain more extensive and comprehensive authoritative data in energy field.For data that is inconsistent in statistical caliber obtained beyond the data collection questionnaire ,IEA will standardize it ac- cording to the actual situation.IEA has established a mature data service operation and profit pattern system. In addition to collecting membership fees,the publication of influential paid reports,paid data and consulting services and the donations constitute an important part of the source of funding.These experiences will be valuable references for Chinese new energy data service operators.