基于炼化企业自备电厂的生产过程监控与运行优化系统研究及应用

Research and Application of Production Process Monitoring and Operation Optimization System in Captive Power Plant of Petrochemical Enterprise

中国石化自备热电厂是中国石化炼油化工主业的公用工程,一般属于母管制小机组,燃用多种燃料进行发电及供热。根据炼化企业自备电厂多燃料特点,研究和分析了锅炉性能计算与常规燃煤锅炉的差异,提出的计算方法适用于燃用同类型燃料的锅炉性能计算方法,并在优化系统中进行了应用。针对炼化企业自备电厂以热定电和燃料种类多的特点,建立了生产过程监控与运行优化系统,根据燃用多种燃料的锅炉,开发了进行锅炉效率实时计算的两功能模块,通过在线计算和建立大型热电机组特性和热电负荷优化分配模型,实现了热电机组负荷优化在线实时分配;同时,建立了母管制蒸发量最小和考虑燃料(燃煤、石油焦、瓦斯等)价、电价下,发电收益最大的热电负荷在线优化分配两种模型,并在现场进行了实施,至少节约煤耗4.5g/(kW·h)。

SINOPEC's captive thermal power plant belongs to the utilities of SINOPEC's refining and chemical industry.It is generally a small piping-main unit which burns a variety of fuels for power generation and heating.According to the multi-fuel characteristics of captive power plant of petrochemical enterprise,the differences between performance calculation of the boiler and the conventional coal-fired boiler were studied and analyzed.The calculation method proposed was applicable to the performance calculation of boilers using the same type of fuels and was applied in the optimization system.In view of the characteristics of captive power plant of petrochemical enterprise such as the power determined by heat and the various types of fuel, a production process monitoring and operation optimization system was established,a two-function module for real-time calculation of boiler efficiency was developed according to the type of fuel fired boiler,and the on-line real-time load distribution of thermal electric generating set was achieved via on-line calculation and the establishment of model for the characteristics of large-scale thermal electric generating set and the optimized distribution of heat and power load.Meanwhile,two optimized on-line distribution models of heat and power load were established respectively for minimum piping-main evaporation and maximum power generation profit considering the price of fuel,including fire coal,petroleum coke and gas ,and electricity price.The field application results show that the coal consumption can be saved by at least 4.5g/kW·h.