12～36个月儿童穴位按摩保健效果评价研究

Research on Effect Evaluation of Acupressure—Acupuncture Health Care of 12～36 Months' Children

[目的]评价12~36个月儿童穴位按摩保健效果。[方法]采用整群随机抽样的方法,采用前瞻性队列研究,根据纳入和排除标准,随机抽取12-36个月儿童300例作为管理对象,分为试验组(穴位按摩组)158例和对照组(空白对照组)142例。对入选儿童进行为期1年的管理,试验组进行摩腹、揉按足三里、捏脊、揉按脾土穴等穴位按摩保健和相应的健康教育,对照组不进行任何干预。观察两组儿童身高、体重、身高/体重、BMI等相关指标的变化情况;比较两组儿童在厌食、腹泻、便秘、呕吐等中医病症的发生率;比较试验组家长干预前后对摩腹、揉按足三里、捏脊、脾土穴等穴位的知晓率和使用率的变化。[结果]本研究经过1年的观察发现,试验组儿童在身高/年龄、体重/年龄、身高/体重、BMI/年龄等生长发育指标的评价上均优于对照组(P<0.05),试验组儿童在生长迟缓、低体重、超重及肥胖、消瘦等的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组儿童在厌食、腹泻、便秘、呕吐等中医病症的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。管理后试验组儿童家长对摩腹、足三里、捏脊和脾土的知晓率和使用频率均显著提高(P<0.01)。[结论]摩腹、揉按足三里、捏脊、揉按脾土穴等穴位按摩保健有助于提高儿童的生长发育水平,降低生长迟缓、低体重、超重及肥胖、消瘦等的发生率,降低厌食、腹泻、便秘、呕吐的中医病症的发生率。

[Objective] To evaluate the effects of acupressure—acupuncture health care of 12 ~36 months’ children. [Methods] According to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, 300 children between 12~36 months were chosen and divided into trial group(acupressure —acupuncture group) 158 cases and control group(placebo group) 142 cases by cluster random sampling and prospective cohort study. The trial group children had been given point massage(rubbing abdomen, ST36, chiropractics, Pitu point) combined with corresponding health education for 1 year. The control group had not been given any intervention for 1 year. The indices including height, weight, weight-for-height and body mass index were compared between trial group and control group. The rates of anorexia, diarrhea, constipation and vomit were compared between two groups. The awareness rate and the utilization ratio of rubbing abdomen, ST36, chiropractics, Pitu point were compared before and after intervention in trial group. [Results] The growth and development indices including height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age in trial group were better than those in the control group( P<0.05).the incidences of growth retardation, low birth weight, overweight, obesity and emaciation in trial group were less than those in the control group(P<0.05). The rates of anorexia, diarrhea, constipation and vomit in trial group were less than those in the control group( P<0.05). The awareness rate and the utilization ratio of rubbing abdomen, ST36,chiropractics,Pitu point in trial group were significantly increased before and after intervention in trial group(P<0.01). [Conclusion]Acupressure—acupuncture health care including rubbing abdomen, rubbing ST36,chiropractics, rubbing Pitu point was helpful to improve the child growth and decrease the incidences of growth retardation, low birth weight, overweight, obesity and emaciation. The point massage health care could also reduce the rates of anorexia, diarrhea, constipation and vomit.