微重力环境中哺乳动物细胞分子生物学效应研究进展

Advances on Molecular and Biological Effects of Mammalian Cells in Microgravity Environment

随着载人航天事业的不断发展,空间失重环境引起的航天员健康问题(心血管疾病、免疫抑制、肌肉萎缩、骨质疏松等)日益突出,这已成为人类探索空间的一大阻碍.越来越多的研究关注到微重力条件下机体及细胞的变化.近期的研究表明,在细胞水平上,微重力会引起细胞降解,改变细胞骨架,并造成细胞在分子水平(如细胞增殖、分化、迁移、粘附、信号转导等过程)的一系列改变.本文对微重力条件下免疫细胞、内皮细胞、骨细胞、癌细胞的相关研究进行了归纳总结,研究结果可为微重力条件下机体及相关细胞的研究提供指导,为治疗或缓解微重力条件造成的疾病提供方法和思路.

With the continuous development of manned space program,astronaut health problems,such as cardiovascular diseases, immuno-suppression, muscle wasting, and osteoporosis, etc., caused by microgravity have attracted extensive concern, and these astronaut-derived health problems have become a major obstacle to the exploration of space. Many studies have focused on the changes of body and cell in microgravity conditions. Recent studies have shown that cell degradation and changes in the cytoskeleton can be induced by microgravity, and a series of changes caused by microgravity at molecular level were also found. In this paper, the recent studies on the behavior of immune cells, endothelial cells, bone cells and cancer cells in microgravity condition are reviewed.The results can provide instruction and reference for the further study of the disease occurrence in microgravity conditions, and provide some ideas for the treatment of diseases caused by microgravity conditions.