联合北斗导航与星间链路的大椭圆卫星定轨方法

Orbit Determined Method of High Elliptical Orbit Satellite Based on BDS Navigation and Inter-satellite Link

传统的地面测控和GNSS均无法实现HEO卫星全弧段的跟踪观测.在分析北斗导航信号及其星间链路信号对典型HEO的观测几何及覆盖特性的基础上,利用北斗导航及其星间链路对HEO测控支持形成互补的特点,提出了一种卫星导航与星间链路相结合的自主导航方法.对HEO定轨进行分段划分并基于EKF设计了卫星导航与星间链路数据融合定轨的自主导航算法.分析结果表明,本文提出的方法能够从全弧段上改善HEO的观测几何,定轨精度比仅使用卫星导航提高了2个数量级,并且仅需较少的星间链路资源.

The traditional ground tracking telemetry control and Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) are unable to achieve the whole orbit observation of the High Elliptical Orbit(HEO).An autonomous navigation method is put forward, which combines the satellite navigation and intersatellite link. This method is based on the Beidou Navigation Satellite System(BDS) navigation and inter-satellite link complementary characteristics of HEO monitoring after analyzing the observation geometry and the coverage characteristics of the typical HEO track. The autonomous navigation algorithm is designed for orbit determination, which combines the satellite navigation and intersatellite link data based on Extended Kalman Filter(EKF). The HEO satellite orbit determination is divided into some segments. The analysis results show that the proposed method can improve the HEO satellites’ observation geometry for the whole orbit,and the orbit prediction precision is enhanced by over two orders of magnitude compared with the BDS navigation method. Furthermore,the occupation of the inter-satellite link resources decreases significantly.