不同工作环境下煤矿工人血脂异常情况及危险因素分析

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and risk factors among coal miners under different work conditions

目的 了解煤矿工人不同工作环境下血脂异常患病率及可能的危险因素.方法 2016年4~6月,选择759名煤矿工人进行问卷调查和体格检查,按照工作岗位分为3组(井下一线、井下辅助、地面),采用logistic回归模型对煤矿工人血脂异常相关因素进行分析.结果 该煤矿工人总体血脂异常患病率为43.2%.井下一线和井下辅助工人血脂异常患病率均为46.6%,地面作业工人患病率最低,为36.4%.多元logistic回归分析结果显示,高BMI是井下一线工人血脂异常的危险因素(OR=2.18, 95%CI:1.51~3.13).吸烟(OR=1.99, 95%CI:1.17~3.38)、饮酒(OR=1.85, 95%CI:1.11~3.06)、高血压(OR=1.79, 95%CI:1.00~3.22)和高腰臀比(OR=1.06, 95%CI:1.04~1.09)是井下辅助工人血脂异常的危险因素.高BMI(OR=2.64, 95%CI:1.68~4.16)是地面工人血脂异常的危险因素,而女性(OR=0.35, 95%CI:0.18~0.65)工人血脂异常患病率较低.结论 煤矿工人血脂异常率与工作环境和生活行为方式有关,可加强对煤矿工人的健康教育,降低煤矿工人血脂异常率.

Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia and risk factors among coal miners under different work conditions. Methods The survey was conducted from April 2016 to June 2016. 759 mine workers were divided into three groups (group of the front line miner, underground auxiliary and ground). Questionnaire and physical examination were used to collect related information of workers. Logistic regression model was used to analyze relative factors. Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 43.2% in coal miners. The prevalence rate of the front line miner and underground auxiliary miners was 46.6%. Ground workers had the lowest prevalence rate of 36.4% . Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that higher body mass index (BMI) was risk factors for underground workers (OR=2.18, 95%CI:1.51~3.13). Smoking(OR=1.99, 95%CI:1.17~3.38), drinking(OR=1.85, 95%CI:1.11~3.06), hypertension(OR=1.79, 95%CI:1.00~3.22) and higher waist and hip ratio (OR=1.06, 95%CI:1.04~1.09) were risk factors for underground auxiliary workers. For ground workers, those with higher BMI(OR=2.64, 95%CI:1.68~4.16) were at higher risk of dyslipidemia and female workers had lower risk(OR=0.35, 95%CI:0.18~0.65) than male workers. Conclusion The dyslipidemia rate of coal mine workers is related to work environment and behavior. Health education may be needed to reduce the dyslipidemia rate of coal mine workers.