超声提取柴胡挥发油工艺及其GC-MS分析

The Technology and GC-MS Analysis of Ultrasonic Extraction of Volatile Oil from Bupleurum chinense

目的:采用响应面法优选超声提取柴胡挥发油的工艺,并研究柴胡挥发油成分。方法:采用Box-Behnken响应面法设计试验,运用3因素3水平,以柴胡挥发油的得率为响应指标,考察液料比、提取温度、超声时间对得率的影响;对超声提取的挥发油进行GC-MS分析,采用峰面积归一化法,确定各成分的相对含量并进行鉴定。结果:最佳工艺为:料液比1∶16、提取温度51℃、超声时间26 min,经验证此条件下的挥发油得率为14.77%,与理论值14.85%相比差别不大,表明此法较为准确;采用GC-MS分析所得到的挥发油成分中,共鉴定出46种化合物,占总挥发油组分的96.84%。其中相对含量较高的成分为1,2-二甲基环戊烷、甲基环己烷、庚烷等,其中甲基环己烷为含量最高成分。结论:响应面法用于超声提取柴胡挥发油工艺的优选准确、可靠;超声法能较好的应用于柴胡挥发油的提取。

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from Bupleurum chinense by response surface method(RSM),and to study the components of volatile oil from Bupleurum chinense.Methods:The Box-Behnken response surface method was used to design the test.three factors and three levels were used,the yield of volatile oil of Bupleurum chinense was as the corresponding index,the effects of liquid to material ratio,extraction temperature and ultrasonic time on the yield were investigated.The volatile oil extracted by ultrasound was analyzed by GC-MS,and the relative content of each component was determined by peak area normalization method.Results:The optimum processes were that the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶16,the extraction temperature was 51 ℃,and ultrasonic time was 26 min,the yield of volatile oil under this condition was 14.77%,there was not very different compared with the theoretical value of 14.85%,which indicating that this method was more accurate;on the constituents of volatile oil from GC-MS analysis,46 compounds were identified,accounting for 96.84% of the total volatile oil.Among them,the relatively higher contents were 1,2-dimethyl cyclopentane,methyl cyclohexane,heptane,etc,of which methyl cyclohexane was the highest content. Conclution:The response surface method is accurate and reliable to optimize the ultrasonic extraction of volatile oil from Bupleurum chinense,and the ultrasonic method can be better used to extract the volatile oil of Bupleurum chinense.