2016—2017年湖南省孕产妇艾滋病疫情特征及母婴阻断情况

Epidemic characteristics of AIDS among pregnant woman and status of prevention from mother-to-child HIV transmission in Hunan from 2016 to 2017

目的了解2016-2017年湖南省孕产妇艾滋病疫情的特征及母婴阻断情况,为预防和控制艾滋病的母婴传播提供理论依据。方法采集“预防艾滋病母婴传播管理信息系统”中,湖南省2016-2017年预防艾滋病母婴传播月报表和个案卡数据进行整理和分析(年份按3+1模式统计)。结果湖南省2016-2017年孕产妇艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染率平均为2.46/万,2017年比2016年略有上升(6.38%)。401例HIV感染孕产妇中,民族以汉族为主(83.04%),年龄分布在20~35岁之间(95.26%),77.06%为农民、家务及待业者,73.32%是初中及以下文化程度;16.46% HIV感染孕产妇确认感染时期在产时与产后;16.96% HIV感染孕产妇本次接受服务时期在产时和产后;51.37%HIV感染孕产妇感染途径为性传播;孕产妇HIV阳性率最高的为三类地区(经济较差地区)。HIV感染分娩产妇用药率81.99%;感染产妇所娩婴儿的预防用药率为91.80%、人工喂养率92.97%;校正死亡后母婴传播率12.28%。结论湖南省孕产妇HIV感染率处于中下水平,不同地区、年龄、职业、文化有一定聚集性,艾滋病母婴传播率下降较明显,但仍处较高水平,应有针对性的加强母婴阻断措施。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of AIDS among pregnant woman and status of prevention from mother-to-child HIV transmission in Hunan from 2016to 2017,and provide the basis for further prevention and control.Methods Data was collected from the information system of prevention from mother-to-child transmission and analysis was made accordingly.Results The total rate of HIV infection was 2.46/ten thousands among the pregnant women during 2016-2017 in Hunan.The rate of HIV infection was slightly higher in 2017than in 2016(P>0.05).The 401cases of HIV positive pregnant women were mainly ethnic Han,and the ages ranged between 20and 35years old.77.06% of them were farmers or unemployed and 77.32% had the educational level of junior high school or below.16.46% were diagnosed as HIV positive in delivery or postpartum.16.96% received the treatment services in delivery or postpartum. 51.37% were infected through sexual contact.The highest positive rate of AIDS among pregnant woman was in three areas.81.99% of HIV-infected parturients and 91.80% of infants received antiretroviral therapy.Artificial feeding rate was 92.97%.Conclusion The rate of HIV infection among pregnant women is below the average level in Hunan,and there is aggregation in age,profession and educational level in different regions.The rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission has decreased significantly,but it is still at a relatively high level in some areas.It is necessary to improve the measures to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission.