异基因造血干细胞移植后患者曲霉菌感染的免疫治疗

Control aspergillosis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients by immunotherapy

近年来,随着造血干细胞移植技术的广泛开展,越来越多的患者从中受益,但是侵袭性真菌病(invasive fungal disease,IFD)的发生率及死亡率居高不下,是威胁接受异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-geneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,allo-HSCT)患者长期生存的重要因素,其中侵袭性曲霉病(invasiveaspergillosis,IA)是最常见且可导致高死亡率的真菌感染.由于现有诊断方式敏感度和特异度较低,对于IA的治疗也受到多种因素限制,针对多种病原体及特异性肿瘤抗原的免疫治疗成为诊治热点,以免疫为基础的治疗也为IA的有效治疗提供了新的希望,文章主要就allo-HSCT后IA感染的免疫治疗的最新进展作一介绍.

In recent years,a great number of patients with hematologic malignancies benefit from the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).However,the increasing incident of the invasive fungal disease (IFD)with high rates of morbidity and mortality is the main threats to achieve long-term survival. Particularly,theinvasive aspergillosis(IA)caused by Aspergillus species is accounted for 75% of all deaths in thispopulation.The identification and diagnosis of IA is often delayed.The use of availableantifungal drugs is also restricted by many factors.New methods based on immune give us new hope to cure this deadly infection. Here,we give a brief overview about the pathogenic of Aspergillus infection and the associated progress of the anti-IA immunotherapy.