西方学界最近40年对中国企业史研究的述评

A Critical Examination of Western Studies of Chinese Business and Economic History

在最近40年中,西方的中国企业史研究试图回答工业资本主义何时以及如何在中国产生的,它表现的形式是什么,是怎样发展起来的,工商业公司采纳了哪些扩张企业的策略,工业资本主义如何促成近代金融制度之发展,近代中国政府如何致力于创造与扩展国营企业,抗日战争以及中国革命对工商企业产生了怎样的影响。本文对西方学者对这些问题的回答做出分析和评价,并指出存在的问题以及进一步研究的方向。

During the past forty years (1978-2018),Western scholars of Chinese business and economic history posed and answered the following questions:When and how did industrial capitalism originate in China?What form did it take and in what industries did it become manifest?How did it evolve?What strategies did companies adopt to expand their businesses?How did the expansion of industrial capitalism contribute to the development of modem financial institutions?When,how, and why did the state create and expand state-owned industries and enterprises?What impact did the War of Resistance (1937-1945)and the Chinese Revolution of 1949 have on business enterprises? This article analyzes and assesses Western scholars'answer to these questions,points out the existence of major gaps,and points to the direction for further research.