海南省0～5岁儿童反复呼吸道感染影响因素分析

Influence factors for recurrent respiratory tract infection in children aged 0 to 5 years old in Hainan

目的探讨儿童反复呼吸道感染影响因素,为该病的预防和治疗提供参考依据。方法选取2015年7月至2017年12月在海南省海口市、文昌市和儋州市的各大医院诊治的480例0～5岁反复呼吸道感染患儿作为观察组,选取492名在海南省人民医院进行健康体检的正常儿童作为对照组,比较两组相关因素,分析导致儿童反复呼吸道感染的影响因素。结果观察组早产儿、母亲孕期患病、非母乳喂养、家庭成员抽烟、夏季卧室没有使用空调、小儿有哮喘史、户外活动每天小于2 h、预防接种不按时、使用抗生素治疗和未按时营养添加是患儿反复呼吸道感染的独立危险因素(P <0.05),而母乳喂养、按时预防接种和按时添加营养为保护因素。结论多种危险因素引起儿童反复呼吸道感染的发生,母乳喂养、按时预防接种和按时添加营养有利于降低小儿反复呼吸道感染的发生。

Objective To explore the influence factors for recurrent respiratory infection in children,providing reference for the prevention and treatment of thedisease.Methods From July 2015 to December 2017,480 children aged 0 to 5 years old with recurrent respiratory tract infection admitted to major hospitals in Hainan Province (Haikou City,Wenchang City and Danzhou City)were selected as the observation group and 492 normal children who had undergone a physical examination in my hospital were selected as the control group.To analyze influence factors that led to repeated respiratory tractinfections in children between the two groups.Results Premature in the observation group,mother's illness during pregnancy,non- breast-feeding,family members smoking,air conditioning unusedin summer bedrooms,history of allergies in children,outdoor activities less than 2hours per day,vaccination not on time,treatment with antibiotics,and nutrient supplementation not on timewere independent risk factors for recurrent respiratory tractinfections in children (P <0.05),and breastfeeding,vaccination on timeand nutrient supplementation on time were the protective factors.Conclusion There are many risk factors for recurrent respiratory tract infection in children,and breast feeding,timely vaccination and nutrient supplementation help to reduce the occurrence of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children.